Evaluating The Field Best Acceptable For The Client s...

Dear Professor Richard Dear Professor Richard This report presents information which job are better between two different careers to be discussed by our client and suggest about the field best acceptable to the client s profile. This is a copy of the report Recommendations on Career Options†. In this report, it has been collected from credible sources and can trust this accurate information. This information sources also will help that the client decide to choose a career as review. For any question, please contact me at the phone number or e-mail to mention above. Thank you for reviewing and enjoy this report Sincerely, Oh Young Kwon Abstract This report compares and analyses about two career option for the client. One is Network Administrator and another one is Computer System Analyst. This report includes about job description, educational qualifications, skills required, payment and the scope of growth for each job role. This is consisting of recommendation for the Network Administrator job for suitable the client and also this is based on the client’s background and skills. Table of Contents Introduction 5 Purpose, Scope, and Limitations 5 Sources and Methods 5 Report Organization 5 Network Administrator – An Overview 6 Job Description 6 Educational Qualifications 7 Skills Required 7 Remuneration 8 Scope of Growth 9 Computer Systems Analyst – An Overview 10 Job Description 11 Educational Qualifications 12 Skills Required 12 Remuneration 13 Scope of Growth 13Show MoreRelatedAuditors Independence12377 Words   |  50 PagesChapter-3 Profile of the Organization 3.1 Firm’s Profile – ACNABIN Chapter-4 Issues that Impairs Auditor’s Independence 4.1 Business Relationships - BSA(Para: 290.132) 4.2 Financial Relationship - BSA(Para: 290.104) 4.2.1 Investments in Audit Clients 4.2.2 Other Financial Relationships 4.3 Employment Relationship – BSA(Para: 290.143) 4.3.1 Employment of Accountant by Audit Client 4.3.2 Employment at the Audit Firm of a Former Employee of the Audit Client 4Read MoreCareer Management : Career Coaching3046 Words   |  13 PagesINTRODUCTION The client group is hugely influential in defining where a coach practices on the spectrum of career counselling and coaching, however, there are many other factors that have a significant impact on where the coach sits on the spectrum. This essay will explore the theory behind the career counselling and coaching spectrum and examine in greater detail the impact of the client group on the coaching process. It will also address the influence of the coach’s perception of roleRead MoreThe Causes of Project Failure6643 Words   |  27 Pagesbetter position to determine the likelihood of implementation success (and, perhaps, to act so Abstract-A study was conducted of 97 projects identified as failures by the projects’ managers or parent organizations. Using the project implementation profile a set of managerially controllable factors were identified as associated with project failure. The factors differed according to three contingency variables: 1) the precise way in which failure was defined; 2) the type of project; and 3) the stageRead MoreOnline College Information System6305 Words   |  26 PagesRequirements 10. Analysis Design 11. Project Resources 12. Time Estimation 13. Gnatt Chart Representation 14. Monitoring and Controlling 15. System Design 16. Program Structure 17. File Design 18. Project Analysis 19. Server Side Application 20. Client Side Application 21. Module 22. Coding 23. Testing 24. Maintenance 25. Future Scope 26. Conclusion 27. Bibliography Page 1 2 3 4 5 6 6 78 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18-25 26-30 31 32-37 38-43 44 45-59 60 61 62 63 64 65 4 College overview Read MoreDecision Tree Induction Clustering Techniques in Sas Enterprise Miner, Spss Clementine, and Ibm Intelligent Miner – a Comparative Analysis6636 Words   |  27 PagesHowever, there are many commercial data mining software in the market. Our choice for SAS ® Enterprise Miner, SPSS Clementine, and IBM DB2 ® Intelligent Miner doesn‟t mean that they are the best. In addition, the chosen criteria for the comparative analysis are not sufficient to decide which of these tools is the best where there are other criteria not covered such as security, price, flexibility and reusability. Also, this paper has covered only two data mining techniques, which are decision tree inductionRead MoreThe Risk Management Function Of A General Insurer9457 Words   |  38 Pagesmanagement can contribute towards effective strategic planning. †¢ Assessing the different types of risks the insurer will face via distribution through brokers and owning a broker. Furthermore, I will also assess the impact of distributing products to clients directly. Explain the contribution that risk management can make to an effective strategic planning process. NFU – expanding outside it’s farming community – strategic risk Directline – strategic risk Strategy A well adopted strategic approachRead MoreWaste Management33554 Words   |  135 Pagesfraud and auditor legal liability c a S eS inc lu de d in t hiS Se ction 4 89 99 4.1 Enron Corporation and Andersen, LLP Analyzing the Fall of Two Giants . . . . . . . . . . . 4.2 Comptronix Corporation 4.3 Cendant Corporation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Identifying Inherent Risk and Control Risk Factors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111 119 127 137 Assessing the Control Environment and Evaluating Risk of Financial Statement Fraud . .Read MoreThe Pros and Cons of the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale4135 Words   |  17 Pageslimitations of the WAIS-III are examined. This is followed by discussion of the meaning of IQ scores, use of successive level interpretation and cautions and guidelines for administration. Last, subtests, assessing special population groups, short forms, profile forms, and what a report on intellectual assessment should contain are briefly discussed, followed by summary and conclusion. The Nature of Intelligence Intelligence is an intrapersonal phenomenon, that is inside a person and itRead MoreProject Report On Online Job Portal Essay6551 Words   |  27 Pages TABLE OF CONTENTS â ¦  INTRODUCTION â ¦  About Project 5 â ¦  Modules 5 â ¦  Definitions 6 â ¦  REQUIREMENTS ANALYSIS â ¦  Requirement Specification 8 â ¦  S/W and H/W Requirement Specification 9 â ¦  Hardware Requirements â ¦  Software Requirements â ¦  Technologies Used 10 â ¦  FEASIBILITY STUDY â ¦  Technical Feasibility 18 â ¦  Economic Feasibility 20 â ¦  Behavioural Feasibility 21 â ¦  SYSTEMRead MoreOnline Auction System8956 Words   |  36 Pagesof supporting large numbers of bidders in an active auction. Online Auctioning System has several other names such as e-Auctions, electronic auction etc. The requirement for online auction or online bidding can be more accurately specified by the client. It should be healthy and will be a good practice when it is made more transparent as a matter of fact. Online Bidding has become more wide spread in all sorts of industrial usage. It not only includes the product or goods to be sold, it also has

Principles That Can Help Better My Sales - 1392 Words

Three principles that can help better my sales Having a positive mindset will make you become a winner in your sales. What you say to yourself has such a huge effect on how your performance of sales will turn out. Your belief system will either determine a positive attitude about your success or a negative attitude. What you say and think about your sales success is very powerful and can have an affect on your confidence as a whole. Your thoughts can and will set you up for failure if you let them. Some ways to sell more is believing in what you are selling. Making a goal of how many sales you want to make that day and positively envisioning yourself reaching that goal. I have watched so many people fail†¦show more content†¦I have already been practicing the positive mindset principle into my life. Positive thinking has always been the way I think and I will continue to do that in all that I do. I plan to remain positive even when sales or life gets hard. Everything will get better when you are positive. Sales is important no matter what your career becomes. Everything you do, you sell. Our mind is very powerful and will only break us down because we are human and are harsh on ourselves. If you expect to sell whatever it is we are selling, than your first principle is to be optimistic rather than pessimistic. To stay on the positive track of sales you must overcome the advisory and the negative thoughts he brings to mind. So lets say sales does become your job, and you aren t doing so well because you just started off. Does this mean you start believing your negative thoughts and give up ? No you don t. This is normal to think you are lacking the skill of a talented salesman but talent takes time. Here is an example of a pessimistic thought process every salesman goes through. It s called the ABCD model. A stands for adversity. Your thoughts are telling you you suck and can t sell anything. B stands for belief. If you start to believe that you suck at selling things than that will l ead to poor sales techniques in your future

The Black Market Exploiting The Donor - 1745 Words

Proposing a Solution to the Black Market Exploiting the Donor: Legalizing the Sale of Human Organs, In Hopes of Putting the Black Market Out of Business Right now in the U.S. even with all the advanced technology, there are more than 120,000 people currently on the UNOS organ transplant waiting list. With the wait being so long for an organ, people have become desperate in order to save their life. With this number being so large, it is hard to believe that there is a new name added to the list every twelve minutes. By names being added daily and not enough organs to go around, the death toll is an average of 21 people daily because their number never came up for their life-saving organ (Small-Jordan, 2016). Among these 120,000 people†¦show more content†¦The brokers of the black markets tend to prey on low economic areas because these people are uneducated and are desperate for money. The brokers knowing the situation tend to exploit the donor in every transaction that is made. In order for the black market not to be able to explo it the donor, organs sales should be legalized because then the donor could receive better medical attention, guarantee the donor is compensated fairly, and help shorten the currently long waiting list. The way the black market works is that the broker goes to very low economic areas and preys on the people who are desperate for money. Many of these people who live in areas such as these are not very educated when it comes to what all is involved. Like any surgery, during an organ transplant surgery, there are always risks. Since the black market is an illegal operation, the donor is not made aware of these risks and there are many times when the donor is forgotten once the surgery has been completed. While these donors are being forgotten there are times when the donor needs further medical treatment after surgery (Shafer Cunningham, 2011). The brokers through the black market don’t concern themselves if further medical attention is needed because they have already got ten what they wanted and the donor is no longer needed by them. Different doctors around the world have been voicing

The Israelites Worship And Prayer - 1373 Words

The Israelites worship and prayer can be divided into four different periods of time. The first period is associated with the patriarchs; the second describes Yahweh’s faith under Moses, the third from the temple of Solomon, and finally the period of exile. Temple worship was a key element in prayer for the Hebrews. The Book of Genesis mentions how Abraham built shrines near Hebron, and Ali. Abraham’s son, Isaac, worships at the same place and Jacob made a memorial with a stone for Yahweh. There were many ways of worship through the temple. Since there was no actual prove of his image, people created artworks of different divine images and shared them with each other to show their loyalty to Yahweh. At the temple, people would offer food, clothing to the statues of the God’s in the temple. Music was another way to show the love for Yahweh. Music uses lyrics to praise and bless Yahweh. It brings everyone together in the temple. Sacrifices were another way to promote the covenant. A sacrifice, as defined by Boadt, is the transference of property from the profane to the sacred realm. People living in Israel were farmers and herders so people tended to think of gifts for God in agricultural terms, livestock and crops, but the death of animals itself was not as important as its sacrifice of its life carrying blood. Sacrifices like these were seen as a sign of peace and loyalty, but could also be for a sin offering. People wanted Yahweh to forgive them for their mistakes andShow MoreRelatedA Study On Ancient Israelites And The Rise Of Christianity1640 Words   |  7 Pages My initial perspective on ancient Israelite religion was what I was taught in church. In fact, in church, the pastor put less emphasis on Ancient Israelites themselves and more emphasis on Christians. For me, when I thought of Israelites I thought of only a small segment of the bible. I thought of the group of people trapped in Egypt kept as slaves. Coming into Intro to Old Testament class, I assumed the class would be nothing more than a lecture about everything I had already learned in churchRead MoreWhat Does The Bible Mean?1553 Words   |  7 PagesOur worship, our clapping real hard, and even our believing in God does not make Him more or less of who He is. So what is worship then? Is it music? Singing songs to a divine being? Is it taking part in the sacraments of the Christian church? Why are there numerous disputes or differences of opinions about â€Å"how† to worship? The word worship itself is labeled as a noun and is defined as the feeling or expression of revere nce and adoration for a deity. But if a biblical definition of worship is toRead MoreTrace the Development and Change in the Place of Worship Where the Children of Abraham and Israel Worshiped. What Is the Origin of the Synagogue?1595 Words   |  7 PagesSo we can say that the beginning of worship started first with sacrifice Since the sacrifice is practice of worship. which we can see in the Genesis 4:3-4(And in process of time it came to pass, that Cain brought of the fruit of the ground an offering unto the LORD.And Abel, he also brought of the firstlings of his flock and of the fat thereof. And the LORD had respect unto Abel and to his offering). Another sacrificial worship we find that Noah making sacrifice and God is pleased in it in GenesisRead MoreAnalysis Of The Book The Holy Bible 846 Words   |  4 Pagesthat these books teach us about God and some of them are going to be discussed here below. The book of Joshua starts with the appointment of Joshua as the new leader of the people of God. He is given the order to cross the river of Jordan with the Israelites and to go live in the Promised Land. In this book, something that is very remarkable is how the Jews were able to defeat the city of Jericho without using any weapon. What it took was only to march around its walls blowing the trumpets; this onlyRead MoreThe Land Of The Jordan River1686 Words   |  7 Pagesgood. If the Lord is pleased with us he will lead us into that land and give it to us. Only do not rebel against the Lord. And do not be afraid of the people of the land. But the Israelites had already forgotten God s promise and angrily threw stones at them. Consequently, that rebellious and sinful generation of Israelites found only death in the desert. Joshua and Caleb possessed a pure Spirit. They had courageously risked their lives in order to speak the Truth. They alone remembered how God hadRead MoreMy Ethnographic Fieldwork On Jewish Culture Essay1589 Words   |  7 Pagesspecial promise, also known as covenant, with their forefather Abraham to protect them and blessed them, as long as they follow the commands and laws of God, and faithfully worship him. Rebecca also explained to me that they considered themselves the â€Å"chosen people of God,† because out of all the people in the world the Israelites are chosen to receive all of God s blessings. She also explain to me that for a person to be Jewish they need to come from the lineage of Abraham., otherwise they are consideredRead MoreThe Book Of Amos By The Minor Prophet Amos1130 Words   |  5 Pageshistory highlights the nation’s ignorance, unfaithfulness and disregard of God’s authority; the nation had already blatantly ignored the forewarnings of other minor prophets beforehand. The first four chapters are a warning of judgment, which the Israelites knew was coming. The passage of Amos 5 is the climax of the text, and is the epitome of God’s intervention expressed as a passionate warning and emotive lamentation. Amos establishes that God will bring darkness over Israel if they do not repentRead MoreThe Reigns Of David, Hezekiah And Josiah1149 Words   |  5 PagesAfter many centuries of being under the rule of judges, the Israelites finally ask Samuel to appoint a king, making Israel like most other nations being ruled as monarchies. This request leads to the appointing of the first king of Israel, Saul, followed by centuries of kings (1 Samuel 8-9). A large majority of these kings have been deemed to be â€Å"bad† kings, leaving only a small handful to be considered â€Å"good.† In general, these kings are given such labels for their actions and policies throughoutRead MoreThe Psalms Function As A Scho ol Of Prayer896 Words   |  4 Pagescenturies based their prayers and worship in those ancients words. In Eugene H. Peterson’s view, there is no other place where can be seen such a deeply and detailed form, of the human dimension in the Bible history as in the Psalms. The aim of this paper is to analyze how the Psalms should be used in the church today. For that, this study is divided into three parts: First, the Psalms and Prayer, where will be discussed how the book of Psalms function as a school of prayer. Second, Christians andRead MoreThe Israelites Still Family After Generations1506 Words   |  7 PagesThe Israelites—Still Family After Generations Since the 1600’s, Biblical writers, scholars, linguists and interpreters have concluded that the Bible was written by different people, with multiple revelations. The result is a compilation of stories that, in a written format, present the voice of God. The evidence for such a hypothesis is contained in the writing of Carr and Conway’s An Introduction to the Bible, as well as Richard Horsley’s In the Shadow of Empire. Both authors refer to source

Essay on Obtaining a Degree in Information Management

-What does information management mean to you and how would getting a Master’s degree in information management fit in with your future plans? After I finished my bachelor’s degree in Computer Engineering from University of Mumbai, I joined Vistaar, which is a Pricing Solutions Company that has a strong Analytics tool and a Transaction Engine as its core products, as a Software Engineer. While working on client projects, I learned that companies are willing to pay big money to replace their existing Pricing Systems with what Vistaar offers just because we can capture and portray important pieces of information in meaningful ways. This has ensnared my curiosity and upon delving deeper into the actual client scenarios, I realized that these†¦show more content†¦The program is inter-disciplinary and is perfectly aligned with my interests. Courses like ‘Information Systems and Modeling Using XML’, ‘Enterprise Systems Analysis and Design’ and ‘Information Retrieval Systems’ will inculcate necessary technical and information concepts in me to achieve my career goals. Apart fr om the standard course offerings at the iSchool, the Capstone project requirement has whetted my interests. Projects like ‘Sleep Fixer’ by Lizhang and Fan, and ‘Mind Cloud’ by Ramji, Zarya and Ali are very fascinating and I would like to participate in a project of my own that helps make people’s lives better. I have acquired a lot of knowledge by the variety of projects I participated in my professional and academic life and I want to use it to solve real life problems. There is never a dearth of new technologies and concepts in today’s world, and their applicability to solve real world problems is only limited by the scope of our thinking. By participating in the master’s program, I wish to be among the lucky few who are able to push these boundaries. -Please give an example where you have demonstrated your leadership skills in an information management project that you have done in the past, either in school or at work. IfShow MoreRelatedRespiratory Therapist Opinions on Obtaining a Bachelor’s Degree1722 Words   |  7 Pagesfemale, and 40% were male. Eighty-four percent of those polled had an Associates Degree as their highest level obtained in Respiratory Care, 2% were trained on the job, and 14% had Bachelors degrees in Respiratory Care. When asked about the highest degree in any field, 3% answered they were on the job trained; 66% had an Associates Degree, 29% have a Bachelors Degree, and 2% of those polled have obtained a Masters Degree. The credential status of those that were polled are as follows: 2 NPS, 67 CRTRead MoreCareer Goals And Objectives For Health Care Management789 Words   |  4 PagesA year and half has passed since I’ve completed my undergraduate degree. In this time, I’ve had a chance to reflect on my career goals. I am now ready to earn my MBA in health care management. With this degree, I will be able to accomplish my career goals and objectives. I plan to use my master s degree to help me pursue a career in health care management. My career goal is to become a health care manager in one of my area hospitals. I’ve research the strategies needed to successfully completeRead MoreManagement Analysis, Contractors, Architects, And Management1406 Words   |  6 Pageshours tryi ng to make things come together. These people are CEO’s, management analysis, contractors, architects, etc. Management analysist are the little people behind those astonishing buildings. Management analysist are important because they are the ones that handle the business’s money, important documents, and hold important business conferences. Informing candidates about the educational requirements to be a successful management analysis, the daily job responsibilities they also have to encounterRead MoreDifferences in Competenties Between Nurses Prepared at1237 Words   |  5 PagesDifferences in Competencies Between Nurses Prepared at the Associates Degree Level Versus the Baccalaureate Level in Nursing. Michelle Parker Grand Canyon University Differences in Competencies Between Nurses Prepared with a Associates Degree Versus the Baccalaureate Dregree. There are many differences in the competencies between nurses prepared at the associate’s degree level versus the baccalaureate level in nursing. The differences in competencies can be seen in the leadership ladderRead MoreManagement Analysis, Contractors, Architects, And Management1449 Words   |  6 Pagestrying to make things come together. These people are CEO’s, management analysis, contractors, architects, etc. These people are the little people behind those astonishing buildings. Management analysist are important because they are the ones that handle the business’s money, they handle any important documents, and hold important business conferences. Informing candidates about the educational requirement to be a successful management analysis, the daily job responsibilities they also have to encounterRead MoreWhy Psychology?. Psychology Is The Study Of People.Psychology854 Words   |  4 Pagesbut I was sure I wanted it to be a discipline focused on people. I considered obtaining a degree in social work but that didn’t quite fit my career goals. After doing some research into psychology, I was immediately interested as it served to answer some of the many questions I’ve always had about human interactions and behaviors. The courses I’ve taken to date have equipped me with quite a bit of useful information that I can take with me throughout my life and professional career, so overallRead MoreMy Academic Experience873 Words   |  4 PagesCompleting a Degree in Higher Education 2. Plans for My Academic and Career Future 3. Reflections of Topics in Class A. Time and Stress Management B. University Resources C. Critical Thinking THE VALUE OF COMPLETING A DEGREE IN HIGHER EDUCATION American society values higher education. College provides many opportunities for developing a variety of social networks, both formal and informal. Obtaining a college degree will be suchRead MoreUnderstanding The Workforce Outcomes Of Education1442 Words   |  6 PagesA college degree is something that can positively shape an individual who is willing to put the effort into obtaining one. By getting an education, people are able to acquire better jobs and make better decisions in life. In â€Å"Understanding the Workforce Outcomes of Education,† Christopher Mullin says, â€Å"It is well documented that attaining higher levels of education beyond high school benefits both the individual and society† (75). It is important for me to contribute not only to my own personal wealthRead MoreApplication Submission For Child Welfare Specialist1294 Words   |  6 PagesI spoke with you on Monday, March 21, 2016. I also spoke with Gary Hampton, Human Resource Manager; Patricia Nelson, Applicant Services Manager, Human Capital Management (HCM); Gene Gissandaner, Administrative Field Analyst; and Dustie Elkins, Administrative Assistant II; reviewed your grievance paperwork and the additional information you submitted to Mr. Hampton. The issue presented in your grievance comprised of your disagreement of Mr. Hampton’s assessment of your application submission forRead MoreThe Position Of Corporate Security1468 Words   |  6 Pagesto lead their company’s security programs. â€Å"Securing your business from operational risks is a first priority for any management team. Losses of life, intellectual property, physical assets and reputation can have a devastating impact on a business† (Managing Security Risks, 2014). Traditionally, three main paths can be pursued in the field of security management. These are military, law enforcement, and corporate security level. Choosing the specific path for career preference comes

Principles of Financial Cycle and Macroeconomics

Question: Discuss about the Principles of Financial Cycle and Macroeconomics. Answer: Introduction Every economy faces certain macro and microeconomic issues that degrade the economic performance and stability. In order to understand the causes and impact of these issues, the Australian economy is chosen. The current situation of the Australian economy is discussed to determine the general stability. Furthermore, two major macroeconomic issues of Australia are identified. Discussion regarding the factors that cause the problems in the economy is made. The importance of government in addressing each of the issues is also discussed to help the economy increase its efficiency and productivity. The current macroeconomic situation of Australia The Australian economy is one of the largest mixed market economies all over the globe. As per the economic report, the GDP of the country is AUD$1.62 trillion. The total wealth of the economy is more than AUD$6.4 trillion. In 2012, Australia was the largest economy regarding nominal GDP. The economy of Australia is dominated by service sectors and comprises of 68% of total GDP. The economic growth of the country is further depended on the mining sector and agriculture sector. In the recent times, it has been identified that the economy is experiencing the decline in the mining industry. However, the economy of Australia remained resilient and stable in spite of the downfall in the mining industry (Benassy, 2014). As per the report of September 2016, the inflation rate (CPI) was 1.0%. The level of the labour force was 12 million while the unemployment rate was 5.7%. As Australia is a large largest mixed economy, it imports as well as exports large amount of goods. The net export of Australia was US$184.4 billion. It exported goods such as gold, iron ore, meat, alumina, machinery, and wool and transport equipment. The main export partners of Australia are China (32.2%), Japan (15.9%), South Korea (7.1%), United States (5.4%) and India (4.2%). The economy further imports goods from other economy and thus import amounts to US$208.4 billion. The country imports goods such as computers and office machines, machinery and transport equipment, crude oil and petroleum products, telecommunication equipment and parts. The major import partners are China, United States, Japan, South Korea, Thailand, and Germany. It can thus be stated that the economy earns higher amount from the import than the revenue ea rned from export. The public debt of Australia was 23.3% of GDP, and the budget deficit is $43.7 billion. However, the revenue earned by the economy is observed to be lower than the expenses. The economy earns revenue of approx $373.9 billion whereas the expense is $413.8 billion. It can be thus commented that the economic condition of Australia needs to be improved further. In order to remain sustained in the global market, Australia needs to adopt strategies that will help to increase the number of exports and revenue. The current macroeconomic situation of Australia can be considered stable with a smooth economic growth. However, with the end of commodity boom in Australia, the growth has slow down to a great extent (Mankiw, 2014). Nevertheless, the economy has not gone into a period of recession. The macroeconomic indicators such as GDP, inflation, unemployment, debt and current account balance of Australia varies favourably. The growth rate has increased at a constant rate while the unemployment rate is lower than most of the OECD economies. Two major macroeconomic problems and their main causes Australia faces inflation issues in the economy. Inflation refers to the rise in the price level of goods and services over a period of time that causes a loss in the value of the currency. Unlike developed world, the economic issues regarding inflation are opposite in Australia. The central bankers of Australia have hated this kind of inflation. The price level of oil had increased to a certain level that raised concern among the bankers as well as the common people. The problem of inflation adversely affected the workers of Australia who are not likely to get an increase in their payment (Coeurdacier Rey, 2013). Moreover, the business or firms that are unable to increase to increase their price level are affected as the profit margin falls. The inflation rate of Australia also hampers the revenue collection of the government from the tax. Due to the high inflation rate, the monetary policy was calibrated for the higher rate of 2%. However, this was accepted by the bankers as there were more borrowers allowed the average loan size to increase (Bernanke, Antonovics Frank, 2015). This resulted in more profit even though the rates were low. The inflation in Australia was a result of too much spending by the individuals during the economic bloom. The inflation resulted from the demand side. Borio, (2014) further mentioned that the aggregate demand of economy leads to widespread shortage which causes the price level of goods and services to rise. On the other hand, as the production costs rise there occurs cost inflation in the economy. The inflation rate of Australia is stunningly low. As per the RBA target, it needs to be 2 to 3 percent while Australia experiences 1.0%. This indicates that the economy is weak and needs to regulate the economic spending. The other problem that the economy faces is high unemployment rate. Unemployment can be described as a situation where the individuals actively seek job but are unable to find jobs over a given period of time. The analysis of new ABS data infers that there a number of unemployed people in the economy. In addition to this, there is a number of individuals who just started with new jobs. Altogether, it can be called as a hopeless index. According to Gandolfo, (2013), it becomes difficult for the individuals to find a new job after losing their existing job in an economy with high unemployment rate. The employment growth in Australia had failed to meet the level of expectation. There was a fall in the full time unemployment rate by 40,600, which overshadowed an increase in the part time employment rate. The causes of unemployment in Australia vary. However, the common cause of unemployment that the economy faces is the shutting down of industries in South Australia and across Australia in general. As the employers shut down their business or industries, it leads to thousands of workers losing their job. Moreover, in the economy of South Australia, the issue have greater impact as there is insufficient industry diversity to recruit the unemployed individuals. On the other, the decrease in private and public spending causes the industries to move overseas (Scarth, 2014). This further creates unemployment in the economy. It can be thus inferred that Australia needs to pay much attention towards the development of the economy in order to decrease the unemployment rate. Government measures The government of Australia plays a very important role in addressing the issues such as inflation and unemployment. Both inflation and unemployment are major macroeconomic issues that need to be effectively handled by Australia in order to maintain the sustainable market position in the global market. The government can apply various methods to bring the inflation rate under control. However, it is important to choose appropriate methods of addressing inflation. Controlling inflation through wage and price control causes the recession in the economy and thus creates addition problem for the economy. Hansen, (2016) mentioned that the contractionary monetary policy is one of the useful controlling methods. The policy aims to reduce the money supply in the economy by decreasing the price of bonds and increasing the rate of interest. The economic spending is thereby reduced. The spending is reduced since a lesser amount of money is available to the individuals. This further reduces the inflation rate. During the inflation in Australia, it is important to reduce the spending as it restricts the economic growth for certain time duration along with the rate of inflation (Gal, 2015). In order to carry out the contractionary policy, the government can achieve its goal in three ways. First, the government can increase the interest rate; the second way is to increase the reserve requirement by a certain amount of money such that there is adequate money to keep on hands to cover up withdraws. The third method is to reduce the money supply through direct or indirect enacting policies (Taylor, 2016). The government can also reduce the unemployment in the economy by adopting several policies such as monetary and fiscal policies. As per the monetary policy, the interest rate can be lowered so that the aggregate demand increases. The rise in the demand for goods and services will encourage the sellers to produce more goods. Therefore, more workers will be employed to increase the production and further decrease the unemployment rate. The fiscal policy includes cutting down the tax rate (Weiss, 2014). When the tax rate is lowered, the disposable income of the individual rises. This further increases the aggregate demand and reduces the unemployment rate in Australia. The firms can further deliver education and training tothe unemployed to increase their skills or match their skills with the demand of the market. This will reduce the structural unemployment in the economy. The geographical subsidies provided by the firms helps to invest in depressed areas. The government can reduce real wage unemployment in Australia by reducing the minimum wage of the employees. As per the words of Georgellis, (2015), more flexible labour market makes it easy for the firms to hire workers. It is, therefore, important for Australia to adopt strategies that will make the labour market more flexible and thus allow easy absorption of employees to reduce unemployment. It can be thus stated that the government and other institution of Australia can reduce the macroeconomic issues with the implementation of effective strategies. Conclusion The Australian economy is stable with a continuous economic growth. However, there has been a slowdown in the economy growth to a great extent. There is an increase in the growth rate at a constant rate whereas the level of unemployment is lower than most of the OECD economies. The two economic issues that prevailed in the economy were inflation and unemployment. Different factors caused these issues in the economy. However, the government is capable of addressing these issues with the implementation of monetary, fiscal and other different policies in the economy. References Benassy, J. P. (2014).Macroeconomics: an introduction to the non-Walrasian approach. Academic Press. Bernanke, B., Antonovics, K., Frank, R. (2015).Principles of macroeconomics. McGraw-Hill Higher Education. Borio, C. (2014). The financial cycle and macroeconomics: What have we learnt?.Journal of Banking Finance,45, 182-198. Coeurdacier, N., Rey, H. (2013). Home bias in open economy financial macroeconomics.Journal of Economic Literature,51(1), 63-115. Gal, J. (2015).Monetary policy, inflation, and the business cycle: an introduction to the new Keynesian framework and its applications. Princeton University Press. Gandolfo, G. (2013).International Economics II: International Monetary Theory and Open-Economy Macroeconomics. Springer Science Business Media. Georgellis, Y. (2015, January). Regional unemployment and employee organizational commitment. InAcademy of Management Proceedings(Vol. 2015, No. 1, p. 12430). Academy of Management. Hansen, B. (2016).A Study in the Theory of Inflation. Routledge. Mankiw, N. G. (2014).Principles of macroeconomics. Cengage Learning. Scarth, W. (2014). Macroeconomics.Books. Taylor, J. B. (2016). The Staying Power of Staggered Wage and Price Setting Models in Macroeconomics. Weiss, A. (2014).Efficiency wages: Models of unemployment, layoffs, and wage dispersion. Princeton University Press.

Actor-Network Theory and Organizing

Question: Describe about the Actor-Network Theory and Organizing? Answer: Introduction In this paper, two different news will be analyzed with respect to context of actor network theory. The two news have been selected from the duration of 1st January 2016 to 15th April 2016. By analyzing these news, it would be determined and concluded that in modern computing, every actant either acts on or being acted upon by at least one other actant in order to satisfy the aims of their respective assemblage. The base of analysis is Actor Network Theory. This theory defines key players in the environment known as actants. They can be human or non-human. Both of them have equal importance. The analysis shows that Actant can be human or non-human and both are of equal importance. The theory does not differentiate between society and nature, true and false, content and context, micro and macro levels, agency and structure, etc. but treats everything as a result of collective activities that are networked together with heterogeneous elements amalgamated together. It identifies these e lements as actors that can be textual, conceptual, social and technical. Actor Network theory Actor Network Theory (or ANT) is a theoretical framework that draws similarities between socio-technological processes as well as scientific work. ANT does not favor any social constructivism or realism views rather believes in juxtaposition of technical, social, conceptual and textual processes that helps brings transformations. Act on Humans ANT gives a symmetrical approach wherein both objects and people are given an an equal weightage. This however does not mean that objects can have intentionality similar to the humans, but they do have the ability to act upon humans. Act on Material environment Groups last as long as their interactions that brings them into existence. For instance, in a musical event the crowd would only last for as long as the event continues within the auditorium and the event itself can be terms as the social assembly Act on cultures ANT depicts the interactions between actor and the associated network which is termed as assemblage. This theory is being used in finding the stability of the network. This results in impacting the quality and complexity of the assemblage i.e. the network. Analysis Using Actor Network Theory (ANT) Computing News Story 1 - Your next car will be hacked. Will autonomous vehicles be worth it? Users feel that self-driving cars enjoy more secure than a driver-accompanied car. However, in todays world that may not happen. This is because self-driving cars are at last computerized system which can be hacked by any hacker or unauthorized person. The mentioned story depicts the impact of the actant Hacker on the functioning of another actant i.e. self-driving cars which has a greater impact on the roads i.e. assemblage. These cars communicate with the roads through their inbuilt technology which uses visual representation of coming other vehicles and blockades. Users are not aware that, during this process considerable size of information is being leaked to the other actants i.e. maps. In one of the events, one hacker has claimed that he had taken full control of the system on board. There the passenger keeps on getting a message - climb command through which the hacker accessed the entertainment system. Here, the actant hacker is gaining complete access of the system by manipulating different components of the self-driving car. In this event, the actant even went very far to gain entire control of planes navigation system and asked the plane to perform a risky and dangerous action. In another event, actant hacker caused a jeep to crash in July 2015 (Kiss, 2016) by gaining access to the control of car through a very weakly protected system. Throughout the event, the hacker kept on collecting the information and data from the jeep. The actant also retrieved the data when the user sat in the car and started the system. At this moment, it is difficult to blame all the actants as they are of different types. Good hackers, who work to find a weakness in the system and t hen improve it; activist hackers who are politically motivated; nation-state agencies; supporters of extremists and criminals. Among them, criminal actant is the most dangerous who steals data just to make some money of it. In various events, they hack the car actant and ask 10 bitcoins to release the control of the car. According to the author, traditional manufacturers which is another actant of this assemblage, used to build the cars for safety but not for security and hence they have started to learn in efficient manner and taken up this matter on a serious note (Wired, 2016). On the scale of culture The story identifies the relation between the criminal activities and corresponding application of law on them. The activities of criminal type hackers are subjected to capital punishment and even imprisonment. This has been done to avoid harassment being caused to the users. According to president of Insurance Information Institute (III), Robert Hartwig (Fenwick Edwards, 2012), the US market which another actant like hacker, is growing rapidly and is expected to reach $7.5 billion by 2020. This is so because in America even a small theft of somebodys personal information may cost more than the cost of the actual cost of the attack. Although self-driving cars are vulnerable to hacking but according to Robert Hartwig, they will reduce the number of road accidents by approximately 80%. This will be done by the increased safety of the self-driving cars. The data policies will play an important role because it will record the driving patterns and hence refrain the system from getting hacked. As a result of this, human-controlled will eventually be forbidden from road as they will not be able to compete with the self-driving cars. This poses a new threat to humankind from electronically controlled cars which is difficult to detect. Computing Story 2 - Samsung and Huawei fingerprint scanners can be fooled using an inkjet printer The story about the fingerprint security of Huawei and Samsung would be explored using actor network theory. The actant Samsung galaxy s6 and Huawei honor 7 were successfully unlocked by another actant i.e., the standard inkjet printer. This actant produced a printout using a fingerprint that using a specialized ink. Researchers who are other actants in the assemblage took several scans on the fingerprints of other human actants. They then printed on a special paper which are used for printing charge carrying systems and electronic circuits. The actants found out that the process can be repeated for several fingers in very little time and with very commonly availably available equipment. Previous attempts were made by modelling a finger and glueing a print on that finger which in itself required specialized equipments and skills. Both of the smartphone actants make use of similar fingerprint scanning technology and are both essentially easily cracked in this fashion. In fact, most other actants in the assemblage make use of similar fingerprinting technology. Some actants in the assemblage h ave more robust anti-spoofing technologies built into them, however the most secured actant i.e., an iPhone 5S was also spoofed using similar techniques back in September 2013. However, an average user may not need to worry about their actants being spoofed using such techniques. This is because it requires the users fingers to be scanned in a perfect and high resolution way and then be printed on the specialized page which is not easily available everywhere although the actant to produce the print is available. Knowledge scale The story depicts that with law enforcement agencies can come up with a way unlocking the suspects smartphone. Although the actant would lock itself out after it has switched off or after having passed a period of 48 hours. However, since the earlier researches demonstrated such an easy way which can happen in less than 5 minutes having all kinds of equipment available, 48 hours may look like an ample amount of time. Culture scale The story has opinions of various users from different backgrounds regarding the unlocking mechanism. One of the actants spokesperson claimed that the fingerprint security is a matter of great concern to them and that they store it securely within the device in an encrypted fashion which cannot be retrieved in any way. As the report has already pointed out, it would take some specialized equipments, a full high quality fingerprint scan and also the actant in working condition to be able to unlock it. Another spokesperson from another actant said that the data integrity is taken very seriously by them and they are always committed to protect their customers privacy using constantly updated new technologies that also includes the latest fingerprint sensor technology. They also claimed that they were aware about different reports which claimed inherent security vulnerabilities present in the fingerprint technologies and that they exist in all actants manufacturers includi ng the actant in question. According to them, it was not a credible issue at the moment and if it becomes a credible vulnerability, they will act accordingly. Also, they claimed that their actant was equipped with a superior technology because the sensor was embedded in a chipset level security wherein their personal data is protected within the hardware. They claim their technology is superior to their competitors actants (Hern, 2016). Enhancement management The stories depict that technologies like driverless cars and fingerprint scanners increases the potential working of humans. In story 2, it was analyzed that how Fingerprint Sensors embedded into the Huawei and Samsungs new phones can be tricked into unlocking the phone using using Inkjet Printers. The fingerprint sensors and the printers are actants in the story in the fingerprint security assemblage. The aim of the story is to present that some of the fingerprint scanners which are deem to be a strong authentication protocol could have dangerous potential loopholes. Also, in essence, in an actor-network theory, an actor is a human or even a non-human entity such as animals, tangible and intangible objects, texts, abstract ideas, concepts, gadgets etc. Issues raised by contemporary computing The technology does impact the behavior of humans. In the two stories, the fingerprint scanners and driverless cars results in the increased dependency of humans on technology hardware and software. The concept of contemporary computing helps in enhancing the communication between both humans and technologies. However, on the negative side, they tend to decrease the thinking capability of humans as it leads to feeding of more information than the actual utility rate. The amount of feedback leads to existence of contemporary computing in our daily lives. Conclusion According to the case analyzed by the actor-network theory, it is clear that the actants are equipped with latest and some of the greatest fingerprint sensor technology that is protected with all kinds of security. Yet it has a huge security loophole that could potentially negate the kind of security that was embedded into the actant. This becomes a larger issue in context because earlier such technology was restricted to only the most high-end actants but now most of the actants and even the entry-level to mid-tier actants are coming up with similar fingerprint sensor technology and would be in hand of hundreds of millions of actants. Hence the specialized resource i.e., a high quality scanner and the specialized paper which is required to print the fingerprint may eventually end up becoming common as well. As a result, manufacturers of these actants need to come up with a solution that will solve such problems in the near future. References Czarniawska-Joerges, B. and Hernes, T. (2005).Actor-network theory and organizing. MalmoÃÅ'ˆ: Liber. Fenwick, T. and Edwards, R. (2010).Actor-network theory in education. Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon: Routledge. Fenwick, T. and Edwards, R. (2012).Researching Education Through Actor-Network Theory. Hoboken: John Wiley Sons. Hern, A. (2016).Apple co-founder criticises company over Apple Watch. [online] the Guardian. Available at: https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2016/mar/17/apple-co-founder-steve-wozniak-criticises-company-over-apple-watch [Accessed 18 Mar. 2016]. Hooper, L. (2014).Actor network theory. [Place of publication not identified]: Grin Verlag Gmbh. Latour, B. (2005).Reassembling the social. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Law, J. and Hassard, J. (1999).Actor network theory and after. Oxford [England]: Blackwell/Sociological Review. Learning Theories. (2007).Actor-Network Theory (ANT) - Learning Theories. [online] Available at: https://www.learning-theories.com/actor-network-theory-ant.html [Accessed 13 Apr. 2016]. Robert, D. and Dufresne, M. (n.d.).Actor-network theory and crime studies. Rydin, Y. and Tate, L. (n.d.).Actor networks of planning. Wired UK. (2016).Taking 'socially-aware' GPS routes could improve congestion (Wired UK). [online] Available at: https://www.wired.co.uk/news/archive/2016-03/17/selfish-driving-urban-congestion-socially-aware-gps [Accessed 18 Mar. 2016]. Thesocietypages.org. (2016).A Brief Summary of Actor Network Theory - Cyborgology. [online] Available at: https://thesocietypages.org/cyborgology/2011/12/02/a-brief-summary-of-actor-network-theory/ [Accessed 13 Apr. 2016].