Ethics Arthocare Corporation- Free Solution At MyAssignment Help

Question: Discuss about the Report for Ethics of ArthroCare Corporation. Answer: Part 1: Description The report portrays a case of ethical dilemma that I had to face in the workplace. In 2004, I joined the Arthrocare Corporation and started work as a management trainee. After my joining, a situation of ethical dilemma occurred within the organization. I noticed that the CEO (Michael Baker Former) and CFO (Michael Gluk former) of ArthroCare Corporation were involved in fraud of massive fraud scheme that is popular in business circles as channel stuffing. Baker and Gluk both were abusing their position of trust to enrich themselves illegally. The fraud scheme adopted by the CEO and CFO of the firm was dangerous to the employees, shareholders and investors of the firm. In this fraud scheme, at the end of each quarter, they replace millions of unnecessary medical devices with distributors in order to represent the false financial statement of ArthroCares (Calkins and Ratcliffe, 2014). Moreover, the distributors were also agreed to stock these extra medical devices because the company ma de it profitable to do so. At the same time, the company was also provided fees or generous terms to pay of distributors those were taking extra medical devices. At the same time, ArthroCare was also provided return options to distributors at no cost term if they did not able to sell medical devices. This long-running fraud scheme and misrepresentation sales contributed into the significant growth of ArthroCare that ascended its stock price (The Federal Bureau of Investigation, 2014). Baker and Gluk also provided false information about the stock to investors and market analysts of the firm. The CEO (Baker) of the company was plowing a big hole to maintain the stocks at inflated price that may show the false financial statement of ArthroCares. Moreover, in July 2008, the fraud was getting too big and it is out of control, so the corporation declared that it would repeat previous reported financial statements as an internal investigation of results. As a result, the price of shares dropped sharply that result immediately loss of more than $400 million shareholders value, but the actual total losses of more than $750 million (Calkins and Ratcliffe, 2014). This situation influenced the employees, investors, shareholders, banks and so on those were related to the firm. Moreover, it also broke the trust of the people who have a big faith in the firm. It was very shameful for me that I was working with such type of organization. At the same time, in 2011, the FBI opened a case on both Baker and Gluk. FBI investigated thousands of paper, electronic records, and documents over the next three years to find out the actual loss of investors or shareholders. Moreover, the FBIs San Antonio Field Office took interview of distributors, investors, and other individuals to find out the evidences. After a four-week trial, in June 2014, a federal jury convicted to Baker and Gluk. Furthermore, the Federal jury gave 20 years and 10 years prison as well as fine of $1 million and $50,000, respectively (The Federal Bureau of Investigation, 2014). I will rate 1 because of I am agree and also happy with the decision of the Jury. Part 2: Analysis There are numerous ethical theories that are used in todays business organizations to resolve the situation related to an ethical dilemma. For case, egoism, utilitarianism, and deontology are the important ethical theories that are helpful for the organizations in order to solve a situation of ethical dilemma in an effective and a more comprehensive manner. Apart from this, these ethical theories also play a major role to reduce the conflicts among the members of the firm. Moreover, these ethical theories also motivate all the people of an organization to perform all the business activities in an ethical manner. They should take care of ethics and morals to do all the business activities properly. The main theories of ethics are discussed as below: Egoism: Ethical egoism refers as a normative theory. As for a little while back illustrated, it recommends, favors, praises a specific sort of movement or motivation, and dishonors a substitute kind of motivation. It has two adjustments: individual moral selfishness and in addition all inclusive moral vanity. Pride logic depicts good and bad as far as the impacts to self. A braggart rationality would measure a moral issues or situation as far as how various types of activity or business choice would influence self-enthusiasm of the business (Reidenbach and Robin, 2013). This reasoning suggests that the business moral commitment is to make a benefit with take after the law. Psychological egoism is as much a hypothesis about who we are as individuals as it is a hypothesis of how we should act. It is an endeavor to give one basic clarification of human inspiration and conduct. Mental Egoism is the hypothesis that each human activity is roused without anyone else interest. This hypothesis expressed that the ethically right activity is the one that creates the greatest equalization of good over malevolence for oneself (sterberg, 2012). What's more, mental pride sees that the rationale in every one of our activities is self-interest. Moral vanity is not synonymous with narrow-mindedness or liberality. In this case, Michael Baker former CEO and Michael Gluk former CFO of ArthroCare Corporation were sentenced to 20 years as well as 10 years in prison, respectively for crime related to massive fraud scheme that cost $750 million losses of shareholders. ArthroCare Corporation both former top executives were declared criminal or fraud person in behalf of they was included in wire fraud and securities fraud that impacted on the shareholders money (Dwell, 2013). So, on the basis of this case summary and psychological Egoism theory application, ethical dilemma is identified, due to the unethical behavior of the CEO and CFO of Arthrocare Corporation. Moreover, Baker and Gluk both was only the responsible person of this ethical dilemma, so the jury of the court punished both of them for this corporate fraud (Smith, 2008). In Psychological Egoism, both top executives were misused its title or position and has not provided correct financial information of the investors, so it is unethical behavior of the business aspects. According to Psychological Egoism theory, not only the CEO and CFO of the company, but also the internal and external auditors were responsible for corporate fraud and losses of investors. In the case of internal and external auditors has been performed their roles and duties in ethically and effectively then the CEO and CFO were not able to do fraud with stakeholders (Broad, 2014). If the internal and external auditors has been performed their roles and duties in proper way then they would have protected the investors from the CEO and CFO fraud through identify this fraud and misstatement of financial data or information. Moreover, it indicated the shortfall on internal or external auditors in this case that contributed into the corporate fraud and misleading of investors by executives Baker and GluK. Utilitarianism: Utilitarianism is an ethical system or a moral theory. In addition to this, the main objective of utilitarianism is to generate the greatest amount of delight to the highest amount of people (Dion, 2012). Moreover, it believes that the most ethical thing to carry out is to maximize the happiness within a society. Utilitarians accept that activities have measurable results and that moral decisions have conclusions which prompt the most joy to the most parts of a society. On the other hand, Utilitarianism is frequently considered a "consequentialist" philosophical standpoint on the grounds that it both accepts that conclusions can be anticipated and on the grounds that it judges activities focused around their results. For this reason, utilitarianism is frequently connected with the expression 'the ends justify the means (Ismail, 2012). At the same time, during the investigation and trial, it is found that this fraud scheme of ArthroCares deep-reaching and irreparable harm to thousands of victims. The FBIs San Antonio Field Office mentioned in this investigation report that thousands of victims will never recover their money those they loosed due to the misleading or misinformed of Baker and Gluk. Special agent Tom Hetrick, of the San Antonio Division that worked in investigation also mentioned that the CEO and CFO would not behave ethically, legally, and misused its title or position that harm many victims, so this kinds of corporate fraud is not acceptable at any situation (Reinstein and Leibowitz, 2014). So, on the basis of Utilitarianism theory, ethical dilemma is identified, due to the unethical behavior of the CEO and CFO of Arthrocare Corporation. Moreover, Baker and Gluk both was only the responsible person of this ethical dilemma, so the jury of the court punished both of them for this corporate fraud (Goza, 2013). In addition, both top executives were misused its title or position and has not provided correct financial information of the investors, so it is unethical behavior of the business aspects. According to utilitarianism theory, investigators and the court jury also found that the CEO and CFO did not behaved legally, ethically, as well as misused its title or position, so they were responsible for this corporate fraud, so that the jury punished both of them. Moreover, the CEO and CFO did not provided correct information or mislead with investors and market analysts as well as they have not faced any guilty of their unethical behavior that indicates the ethical dilemma situation in this case (Knipe and Bitter, 2011). Baker and Gluk have not properly or ethically fulfilled their responsibilities and duties that represent the ethical dilemma situation. Deontology: Deontology is an ethical system that generally ascribed to the idealistic custom of Kant. For instance, the utilitarianism ethical theory concentrates on ends of activities, deontology describe that the activities, or means should be moral. Along with this, Deontologists contend that there are inspirational moral standards as well as truths that are generally appropriate to individuals (Dunn, 2015). Deontology describes that a few activities are indecent paying little heed to their conclusions; these activities aren't right all by themselves. On the other hand, Kant provides a categorical imperative to do something ethically. Moreover, Kant accepts that all individuals reach moral decisions about good and bad focused around sane thought. Deontology is generally connected with the adage 'the means must justify the ends. Along with this, deontological morals hypothesis has three imperative qualities. Initially, obligation ought to be finished for the purpose of obligation (Lin, Pizzini, Vargus and Bardhan, 2011). Second, people ought to be dealt with as substance of intrinsic good esteem; and third, an ethical guideline is an unequivocal basic that is universalizable. On the basis of deontology theory, in this case, internal auditors were also responsible for this corporate fraud because without their approval of financial statements and financial information the company has not produced them publicly. At the same time, internal auditors have neglected or not considered massive fraud scheme as well as they has not performed properly their duties to identify the weakness or misinformation in fiscal statements that indicates shortfall of on internal auditors. According to deontology theory, external auditors also have not behaved ethically and not able to identify fraud or error in the company (Shaw, 2016). So, in this case, internal or external auditors shortfall or weakness identified because they was not able to identify fraud of executives or error in financial statements. On the basis of deontology theory, in this case, mainly the investors or creditors have been impacted on the Arthrocares fraud. This corporate fraud mainly impacted on the stakeholders or investors as they faced losses of their money or returns due to the rapidly decline in the companys share value as results of corporate fraud. Arthrocares fraud or actions caused harm to thousands of victims and these victims will never recover their financial loses. The deontology theory indicated that this corporation fraud not only impacted on their shareholders, but also impacts on other companies stakeholders as they loosed their trust on public companies or stock market (Hackett, 2009). The deontology theory expressed that this fraud impacted on the overall share market growth and trust of investors on market that also affected on the growth of the economy and local government taxes or revenues. Part C: Reflection On the basis of the ethical dilemma case that is given in the part one of this paper, I come to know that there were a lot of internal weaknesses within the organization. In this case, it is clear that both CEO (Michael Baker former) and CFO (Michael Gluk former) of ArthroCare were misusing their power and position. They only want earn money and they were ready to perform illegal activities for their profits. As it is given that Michael Baker and Michael Gluk were running a fraud scheme for the duration of 2005- 2009 and they placed unnecessary medical to represent the false financial statement. This is the major unethical activity conducted by the CEO and CFO of the firm. Moreover, the Utilitarianism theory of ethics makes me happier with the decision I made in Part 1. The main reason behind it is that this theory focuses on the greatest amount of pleasure to the people and this thing is essential for the overall development of an organization (MacKinnon and Fiala, 2014). On the other hand, I also come to know that financial statement represent the overall performance as well as efficiency of an organization in from of the existing as well as potential investors of the firm. But, in this case, the false financial stamen may have a big impact on the decision of the investors of the organizations. Along with this, I also come to know that shortcuts or unethical ways to earn profits are very harmful for the health of the organizations. They may provide profits for a short duration only but not able to exist in the long term. Apart from this, the Egoism theory of ethics makes me less happy with the decision I made in Part 1. It is because of this theory involves innocent people if an ethical dilemma occurs in the organization (Shafer-Landau, 2012). As in this case, we can see that, with the help of unethical business activities, the market price, stock price, and profitability of the firm increased very quickly. But, at last, these unethical activities become the major reason of the high losses of the business. In addition to this, with the help of this case, I also come to know that, in starting, the unethical activities are profitable for all the people those are involved. But, at last, these unethical activities become the reason of death for the people. Moreover, if I were in that same situation again then I would make the same decision again. It is because of punishment is essential if a person performs unethical activities to earn money. For case, due to the greedy nature, the CEO and CFO of the firm, the reputation and image of the firm dropped in a more rapid way. Also, they were obliged to pay a fine of $1 million that was more than the profits they earned. Moreover, they also got punishment by the Federal jury. The punishment of prison t may be very shameful for a person. For that reason, I am pleased with the decision of the jury in this case. References ArthroCare Corporation. (2009). History. Available At: https://www.arthrocare.com/about_us/au_history.htm Broad, C. D. (2014). Five types of ethical theory (2nd ed.). USA: Routledge. Calkins, L.B. and Ratcliffe, R.G. (2014). ArthroCare Ex-Chief Baker Gets 20-Year Term for Fraud. Available At: https://www.bloomberg.com/news/2014-08-29/arthrocare-ex-chief-baker-gets-20-year-term-for-fraud.html Dion, M. (2012). Are ethical theories relevant for ethical leadership?. Leadership Organization Development Journal, 33(1), 4-24. Dunn, W.N. (2015). Public Policy Analysis. NY: Routledge. Dwell, M. (2013). Bioethics: Methods, Theories, Domains. NY: Routledge. Goza, R. (2013). The Ethics of Record Destruction. Journal of Management, 14(6), 107. Hackett, S.C. (2009). The Rediscovery of the Highest Good: A Philosophical and Critical Ethic. Australia: Wipf and Stock Publishers. Ismail, T. H. (2012). Internal auditors' perception about their role in risk management audit in Egyptian banking sector. International Journal of Economics and Accounting, 3(2), 196-220. Knipe, P. J. and Bitter, M. E. (2011). The Central Florida Emphysema Foundation Audit: A Case Study of Personal and Professional Responsibility. Issues in Accounting Education, 26(2), 377-389. Lin, S., Pizzini, M., Vargus, M. and Bardhan, I. R. (2011). The role of the internal audit function in the disclosure of material weaknesses. The Accounting Review, 86(1), 287-323. MacKinnon, B. and Fiala, A. (2014). Ethics: Theory and Contemporary Issues. USA: Cengage Learning. McDonald, G. (2014). Business Ethics. Australia: Cambridge University Press. sterberg, J. (2012). Self and Others: A Study of Ethical Egoism. USA: Springer Science Business Media. Reidenbach, R. E. and Robin, D. P. (2013). Some Initial Steps Toward Improving the Measurement of Ethical Evaluations of Marketing Activities. In Citation Classics from the Journal of Business Ethics (pp. 315-328). Springer Netherlands. Reinstein, A. and Leibowitz, M. A. (2014). Examining How Auditing Text Books Cover the AICPAs Conceptual Frameworks for Ethics. Applied Economics and Finance, 1(2), 65-70. Shafer-Landau, R. (2012). Ethical Theory: An Anthology. UK: John Wiley Sons. Shaw, W.H. (2016). Utilitarianism and the Ethics of War. NY: Routledge. Smith, J.D. (2008). Normative Theory and Business Ethics. Australia: Rowman Littlefield Publishers. The Federal Bureau of Investigation. (2014). A Case of Corporate Greed: Executives Sentenced in $750 Million Fraud Scheme. Available At:https://www.fbi.gov/news/stories/2014/september/a-case-of-corporate-greed/a-case-of-corporate-greed

Summary To Preface To The Lyrical Ballads Essay Example

Summary To Preface To The Lyrical Ballads Paper In his Preface to the 1798 edition of the Lyrical Ballads, Wordsworth presented his poetic manifesto, indicating the extent to which he saw his poetry, and that of Coleridge, as breaking away from the artificiality, triviality or over-elaborate and contrived quality of eighteenth-century poetry. The Preface is itself a masterpiece of English prose, exemplary in its lucid yet passionate defense of a literary style that could be popular without compromising artistic and poetic standards. Yet it is also vital for helping us to understand what Wordsworth and Coleridge were attempting in their collection of verse, and also provides us with a means of assessing how successfully the poems themselves live up to the standards outlined in the Preface. The Preface covers a number of issues and is wide-ranging in its survey of the place of the Lyrical Ballads on the contemporary literary scene. The topics covered include the following: 1. The Principal object of the poems. Wordsworth, in this extract, places the emphasis on the attempt to deal with natural (rather than cosmopolitan) man, arguing that such men live much closer to nature and, therefore, are closer to the well-springs of human nature. Behind this, we can see how much Wordsworth owes to that eighteenth-century preoccupation with natural Man, associated particularly with the writings of Rousseau. He sees his poetry, in its concerns with the lives of men such as Michael, as an antidote to the artificial portraits of Man presented in eighteenth-century poetry. The argument is developed when he outlines his reasons for dealing with humble and rustic life. 2. For Wordsworth (and Coleridge) this choice of subject matter necessarily involves a rethinking of the Language of poetry. Note, however, that Wordsworth admits to some license in tidying up the language of ordinary men. Does this affect the persuasiveness of his theories about natural men? 3. This leads Wordsworth to an attempt to define poetry and its effects on the reader. Wordsworths project is an idealistic one, and clearly Poetry, for him, has a vital role in educating the mind and sensibility of his readers, a moral purpose. This quotation illustrates how important this benevolent effect is for the reader. 4. Inevitably, perhaps, the above leads Wordsworth towards asking What is a Poet? His answer illustrates the underlying assumptions about the poet as the genius, as the special person, capable of re-articulating thought and feeling so as to educate the reader. Glossary Object We will write a custom essay sample on Summary To Preface To The Lyrical Ballads specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Summary To Preface To The Lyrical Ballads specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Summary To Preface To The Lyrical Ballads specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer The principle object, then proposed in these poems was to choose incidents and situations from common life, and to relate and describe them, throughout, as far as possible in a selection of language really used by men, and , at the same time, to throw over them a certain colouring of imagination, whereby ordinary things should be presented to the mind in an usual aspect; and, further,, and above all, to make these situations and incidents interesting by tracing in them, truly though not ostentatiously, the primary laws of our nature: chiefly as regards the manner in which we associate ideas in a state of excitement. Humble and rustic life Humble and rustic life was generally chosen, because in that condition, the essential passions of the heart find a better soil in which they can attain their maturity, are less under restraint, and speak a plainer and more emphatic language; because in that condition of life, our elementary feelings co-exist in a state of greater simplicity, and consequently, may be more accurately contemplated, and more forcibly communicated; because the manners of rural life germinate from these elementary feelings, and, from the necessary character of rural occupations, are more easily comprehended, and are more durable; and lastly, because in that condition the passions of men are incorporated with the beautiful and permanent forms of nature. Language The language, too, of these men has been adopted (purified indeed from what appear to be its real defects, from all lasting and rational causes of dislike and disgust) because such men hourly communicate with the best objects from which with the best part of language is originally derived; and because, from their rank in society and the sameness and narrow circle of their intercourse, being less under the influence of social variety, they convey their feelings and notions in simple and unelaborated expressions. Accordingly, such a language, arising out of the repeated experience and regular feelings is a more permanent, and a far more philosophical language, than that which is frequently substituted for it by Poets, who think that they are conferring honor upon themselves and their art, in proportion as they separate themselves from the sympathies of men, and indulge in arbitrary and capricious habits of expression, in order to furnish food for fickle appetites, of their own creation . Definition of poetry For all good poetry is the spontaneous overflow of powerful feeling: and though this be true, Poems to which any value can be attached were never produced on any variety of subjects but by a man who, being possessed of more than usual organic sensibility, had also thought long and deeply. For our continued influxes of feeling are modified and directed by our thoughts, which are indeed the representative of all our past feelings; and, as by contemplating the relation of these general representatives to each other, we discover what is really important to men, so by the repetition and continuance of this act, our feelings will be connected with important subjects, till at length, if we be originally possessed of such sensibility, such habits of mind will be produced, that by obeying blindly and mechanically the impulses of these habits, we shall describe objects, and utter sentiments of such a nature, and in such connection with each other, that the understanding of the Reader must nece ssarily be in some degree enlightened, and his affections strengthened and purified. What is a Poet? He is a man speaking to men: a man, it is true, endowed with more lively sensibility, more enthusiasm and tenderness, who has a greater knowledge of human nature, and a more comprehensive soul, than one supposed to be common among mankind; a man pleased with his own passions and volitions, and who rejoices more than other men in the spirit of life that is in him; delighting to contemplate similar volitions and passions as manifested in the goings-on of the Universe, and habitually compelled to create them where he does not find them. To these qualities he has added a disposition to be affected more than other men by absent things as if they were present; an ability of conjuring up in himself passions, which are indeed far from being those produced by real events yet (especially in those parts of the general sympathy which are pleasing and delightful) do more nearly remember the passions produced by real events, than anything which, from the motions of their own minds merely, other men are accustomed to feel in themselves:- whence, and from practice, he has acquired a greater readiness and power in expressing what he thinks and feels, and especially those thoughts and feelings which, by his own choice, or from the structure of his own mind, arise in him without immediate external excitement.

Romantic Period Essays - Hector Berlioz, Program Music,

Romantic Period A New Step in Music Since the beginning of organized music in the Middle Ages, like all the other fields of creativity and study, such as art, philosophy, and architecture, music has made leaps and bounds in the flow of progression. The Romantic period was a time when music began to take on a different meaning. The music began to become more subjective as opposed to objective music of the Classical period. The artist or composer became much more important as an individual. An example of one of these progressions occurring mainly during the Romantic period was when composers and audiences alike started turning towards program music. Program music is "the term for a nonvocal music that is associated with a poem, a story, or some other literary source; the literary text itself is the program. This new style of music created waves of joy and of controversy that still exist today. This form of music was first derived to fulfill a greater need to cease creating and continuing boundaries in the separate fields of art. Before this period music and paintings or in this case music and literature were not meant to be intertwined. The people did not see a need for it since each field was considered a separate entity of itself. Bent 2 During the romantic period, the general feeling began to surface that music could be made even more expressive by channeling it through literature; especially poetry. I believe a lot of this had to do with the new, relaxed frame of thought for the time period, and the genius of William Shakespeare's writing capabilities. The issue surrounding program music is that critics ridicule the idea that the music can actually illustrate a program. They ask the question that if the audience did not know it was program music, then could they identify it as so, once heard. Some say that it is entirely possible, and even would be hard not to while others claim that there could quite possibly be no clues to the fashion of program music. Another argument made by the critics of program music is music should be able to stand on its own, with meaning, feeling, and a general sense or purpose. With program music, they felt that the music itself could not stand alone. However, the people of the Romantic period did not care. They wanted program music to increase expressive capabilities, and to be entertained in a new fashion. Many of the composers of this time, and since then have flourished through the use of program music. Perhaps some of the most renowned pieces of music in existence today are forms of program music. Hector Berlioz (1803 ? 1869) was a truly gifted composer who was most definitely inspired by literature; mainly Shakespeare. His composition Lelio is a correspondence to the renowned play Hamlet. Probably his best known piece though, Symphonie Fantastique was written about a woman that Berlioz was madly infatuated with. The Irish Shakespearean actress, Harriet Smithson, was the Bent 3 object of his affections, and did actually become his wife for a short time years after this composition. The remarkable part about the symphony is that Berlioz actually had programs made up and distributed to the audience for the performance. "A young musician of unhealthy sensibility and passionate imagination poisons himself with opium in a fit lovesick despair. Too weak to kill him, the dose of drug plunges him into a heavy sleep attended by the strangest visions, during which his sensations, emotions, and memories are transformed in his diseased mind into musical thoughts and images." Berlioz's symphony was received well and he ended up getting his beloved, even though they ended up miserable together. Another famous work in which this new form of music was displayed is Mozart's Don Giovanni. Mozart used a sort of foreshadowing in his music to help the audience along with the story line. In the second to last scene, Don Giovanni is carried off to Hell. Before the curtain opens, the orchestra begins incorporation a somber tone to signify this occurrence. He felt that this foreshadowing made the mood and the music more interesting. This transition during the Romantic period, beginning to compose program music, created a lot of changes in how composers wrote music, and how the audience received the music. Although there were, and still are some questions and uncertainties in some people's minds as to the validity of the music, program music was an inspirational change welcomed by most in the Romantic era. Bibliography Kerman, Joseph. Listen.

Vietnam essays

Vietnam essays During the Cold War, the United States of America was determined to act as the superior nation in the world. They believed that every country was inferior to them in regards to military power, economic stability and moral beliefs. After the assassination of former President John F. Kennedy, the Vice President Lyndon B. Johnson took over in Washington. He was pressured to follow through on the late President's programs and policies on Vietnam which involved the demonstration of America's strength and responsibility. It is believed that American intervention in Vietnam was caused by structural weakness in the National Security Council and not enough attention to long- range policy planning. In addition, Johnson's inexperience and naivety regarding foreign policy and the positive belief of creating a perfect world. A main cause of American involvement was the weakness of the mechanism for determining the framework of foreign policy. The establishment of the National Security Council came about in 1947. It was to bridge the gulf between considerations of foreign policy and considerations of the military force which was to conduct external relations.1 Apparently, the U.S.A. had had no central authority that linked the organizations of the Military Services and the State Department. As a result, the government decided that in order to be successful in international affairs the two groups had to basically work together. The NSC ensured detailed coordination of all major factors of U.S. foreign policy decisions.2 It was odd that both President Truman and Eisenhower had success with this organization and when Kennedy came to office he decided to change it. He preferred to rely on small groups to be responsible for policy formation and execution therefore, he was more "comfortable...with a broad know ledge of foreign affairs and a strong distaste for being hemmed in by too much organization".3 This informal system carried serious dangers of in...

Visual art Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Visual art - Essay Example In this regard, it is evident that most of the bush meat that the hunters normally look for come from animals within the valley at the far end, as the hunters are seen going down the valley in their hunting mission. On the upper part of the village are a few trees and buildings to sustain life, which is contrary to what happens down the valley that depicts few signs of life. Since the piece of work is an example of composition design, it is best described using certain basic principles that mainly take into account the physical aspects of the image. The artist in this case has used these principles of visuals arts to organize the various elements of art in the image. This enables that the artist came up with an aesthetic piece that described the natural environment and certain cultures using harmony, movement, unity, balance, variety, rhythm, contrast, pattern, emphasis, and proportion. To this effect, these principles of art describe the piece by the artist in an explicit, accurate, and visual manner that giving relevance and significance to the piece of art. From the onset, there is an element of movement in the image as depicted by the group of people and their animals. In the piece of art, the group of hunters conspicuously faces the same direction that is downhill together with their dogs. They have their legs apart with one foot forward, an aspect that is repeated in their dogs. Indeed, all these aspects depict that the people in this case are involved in a range of motion making the viewer of the image to look at the direction of their motion, which is down the valley. The artist carefully uses the hunters’ scenario to direct the viewer’s eyes down the snowy valley that seems to have a host of activities by several people. When it comes to proportion, the artist has demonstrated significance difference between the sizes and quantity of the elements in the image in that there is a clear scale between the foreground and middle ground in terms of topography. In this regard, the three hunters on top of the valley appear more enlarged than those people situated down the valley, although the number is not that big. Thus, every aspect of the drawing especially on the left foreground and left middle ground places an emphasis on the culture and living environment. Although the presence of snow in all parts of the drawing creates a sense of uniformity, it is apparent that life is more pronounced on the upper part of the valley as evidenced by people, trees, and buildings that are crucial for human survival. The motion downhill also depicts that people mainly reside on top of the hill together with their domestic animals as enhanced by various proportionalities. The artist also makes appropriate use of variety in the drawing by including various aspects such as humans, animals, trees, buildings, topography, and snow. These elements when used together in the same drawing, as are the case creates a sense of harmony. Additionally, the close collaboration of the hunters carrying spears and heading towards the same direction as their dogs creates the impression of uniformity and harmony. The trees are arranged in the same direction down the valley to create a sense of balance in addition to uniformity due to their almost equal heights. Lastly but more importantly, the artist makes accurate use of patterns and rhythm in the drawing in the sense that the hole drawing is in color while depicting the fact that the art is a snowy region that covers almost entirely down the

Application for admission middle school Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Application for admission middle school - Essay Example One is the Doing the Right Thing Award given after I fed a quadriplegic student every day during lunch hour for one year. The second is Student of the Month awarded to me by teachers for assisting fellow students to excel in their homework. The third is Team Spirit Award scooped for helping fellow students to perform to their full potential through my encouragement. In addition to the above, I am a volunteer at the Humane Society and Food Panty and a member of my school’s Volunteering Committee. I am also an elected member of the Students Council and a teachers-elected Safety Patrol for 2 years. My teacher also has selected me to be helping young students in their performance during and after school. I believe that in Middle School I will offer these and more so as to improve the lives of others while excelling in my studies. Works cited Richards, Keith and Fox, James. Life. Little, Brown and Company, 2010.

Understanding and Using Inclusive Essay Example for Free

Understanding and Using Inclusive Essay 1.1. Inclusive learning is about recognising that all your students have the right to be treated equally and fairly, have the same access to all products, services and have the opportunity to be involved and included. As a teacher you need to be aware that all students are not the same as they all do not learn in the same way, the ways in which a teacher can overcome this is using the Teaching and Learning Cycle, using visual, auditory and kinaesthetic materials (VAK) and agreeing on individual learning plans (ILPs). Other features could include self reflective exercises, quizzes and providing opportunities for students to reflect on their own experiences and consider how these experiences influence the way they learn. 1.2. There are a number of strengths and limitations of learning approaches when teaching. For example, a strength can include an activity and/or a demonstration in pairs or groups, a questionnaire and a power point presentation. The limitations could be when working in group sessions, a shy person can hide in a group, more confident people can take over and there could be a possible clash of personalities. Using all learning styles need to kept to a minimum as previously stated not all students learn the same, some students may ‘switch off’ at certain times and become less interested in the subject, this will hopefully ensure that all students can relate and keep concentration in the subject that is being taught. 1.3. Providing students with the functional skills within the chosen subject will be in ways which the students will be reading, speaking and listening as the demonstration I will be giving will be from power point but will also include listening to instructions and watching myself with a volunteer. The students will have only have a certain length of materials to use so they will need to calculate these when carrying out the activity themselves. To incorporate ICT, students will need to use their own mobile phones to download an app and at the end of the lesson. Once the students have completed the lesson, they can use all of the skills out of the classroom and into their everyday life. 2.1. Creating an inclusive learning environment benefits all students to enable effective learning to take place. The environment in which you are teaching the subject can sometimes be restricted but teaching can take place anywhere not necessarily just in a classroom, for example, colleges, learning centres, the workplace, prisons are to name just a few. When teaching you would need to consider the venue, rooms and resources but also your attitude and support as this can also have an impact on the students in which they will learn. 2.2. It is important to select a number of teaching and learning approaches as individuals can face a number of barriers causing them difficulty to learn. Maslows (1987) Hierarchy of Needs shows that if all five aspects of this theory are met, which are, self actualisation, self esteem recognition, safety/security and physiological it creates a healthy environment for learners to progress and achieve their goal. 2.3. Motivation is what causes us to act, it is either intrinsic (from within) which means to learn for your own fulfilment or extrinsic (from without) which means they may be an external factor motivating the learner. To help motivate learners you can set targets, be professional, create interesting and relevant tasks or activities, engage students and give them the opportunity to learn. 2.4. Ground rules can be set by having a group discussion. To have the ground rules mutually set between the teacher and the students it makes it more likely for these to be followed and adhered to. As a teacher certain ground rules need to apply to allow all students to be treated equally and fairly, for example, punctuality, respect for others, mobile phones off or on silent, no abusive language, no racism and no discussing politics. 3.1. See Micro Teach session plan 3.2. Using my selection of teaching methods covers the three learning styles  which people have (VAK). The power point presentation and demonstration covers the visual and auditory learning styles whereas the demonstration and group activity/task covers the kinaesthetic learning style. Handouts will also be given which are reflective tools; this will help the students to remember important information that is being delivered. 4.1. The teaching approaches that I am using helps the students engage by connecting the subject to real life, it will teach self monitoring skills and information will be presented in multiple formats. As all three learning styles are being covered this will also help keep the students motivated and interested. 4.2. Communication is a key point in all aspects in life, communication with students is essential for them to ascertain progress and identify where improvements could be made. For communication to be effective teachers need to speak slowly and clearly and by only using words in which the students should be able to understand, however communication is a two way process, the teacher could ask questions to ensure the students have understood. 4.3. There are a number of ways to give constructive feedback to your students, when giving feedback to students, teachers need to be positive, open and honest, be clear and specific, be balanced, be motivating and also invite self assessment. Gray and Smith (2000) pointed out that students want consistent, genuine feedback because they do not want to ‘carry on doing it wrong’. 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